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Serum levels of adipocyte fatty acid binding protein are increased in gestational diabetes mellitus

¹ Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Leipzig, Ph.-Rosenthal-Street 27, 04103 Leipzig, Germany² Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF) Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany³ Department of Obstetrics, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany⁴ Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany⁵ Outpatient Care Unit, 04177 Leipzig, Germany⁶ Outpatient Care Unit, 04103 Leipzig, Germany

(Correspondence should be addressed to M Fasshauer; Email: mathias.fasshauer{at}medizin.uni-leipzig.de)

Objective: Adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (AFABP) was recently introduced as a novel adipokine, serum levels of which independently correlate with the development of the metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease in humans. In the current study, we investigated serum concentrations of AFABP in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) as compared with healthy pregnant controls matched for gestational age and fasting insulin.

Design and methods: AFABP was determined by ELISA in controls (n=80) and GDM patients (n=40) and correlated to clinical and biochemical measures of renal function, glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as inflammation, in both groups.

Results: Median serum AFABP concentrations were significantly elevated in subjects with GDM (22.9 µg/l) as compared with healthy pregnant controls (18.3 µg/l; P<0.05). Furthermore, GDM was independently associated with AFABP concentrations in multiple regression analysis (P<0.05). In addition, markers of adiposity (body mass index, serum leptin), triglycerides and serum creatinine were independently associated with circulating AFABP (P<0.05).

Conclusions: Maternal AFABP concentrations are significantly increased in GDM. The adipokine might contribute to the increased metabolic and cardiovascular risk of the disease.