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Undescended testes in children: the paediatric urologist's point of view

Department of Paediatric Urology, Hôpital Mère-Enfants, Claude-Bernard University, Lyon 1, 59, Boulevard Pinel, 69500 Bron, France

(Correspondence should be addressed to P D E Mouriquand; Email: pierre.mouriquand{at}chu-lyon.fr)

This paper forms part of a European Journal of Endocrinology supplement, supported by Ferring Pharmaceuticals. The author discloses no potential conflicting relationship with Ferring. This article was subject to rigorous peer review before acceptance and publication.

This paper was presented at the 5th Ferring International Paediatric Endocrinology Symposium, Baveno, Italy (2008). Ferring Pharmaceuticals has supported the publication of these proceedings.

Undescended testes (UDT) are found in 1% boys at the age of 1-year old, 3% of full-term male infants and 33% in premature babies at birth. Spontaneous descent is possible until 6 months of age. The two main phases of descent of the testis during gestation are described, as well as the possible aetiologies, the consequences of an abnormal migration, and the main locations of UDTs. Clinical examination is essential and should be done in optimal conditions. Laparoscopic exploration is the only valuable complementary investigation in the case of non-palpable UDT.