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Different expression of catecholamine transporters in phaeochromocytomas from patients with von Hippel-Lindau syndrome and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2

Clinical Neurocardiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, ¹ Reproductive Biology and Medicine Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, ² Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, ³ Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute and ⁴ Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

(Correspondence should be addressed to G Eisenhofer, Building 10, Room 6N252 National Institutes of Health 10 CENTER DR, MSC-1620 Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA; Email: ge{at}box-g.nih.gov)

Objective: Phaeochromocytomas in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN 2) produce adrenaline, whereas those with von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome do not. This study assessed whether these distinctions relate to differences in expression of the transporters responsible for uptake and storage of catecholamines – the noradrenaline transporter and the vesicular monoamine transporters (VMAT 1 and VMAT 2).

Methods: Tumour tissue and plasma samples were obtained from 31 patients with hereditary phaeochromocytoma – 18 with VHL syndrome and 13 with MEN 2. We used quantitative PCR, Western blotting, electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry and measurements of plasma and tumour catecholamines to assess differences in expression of the transporters in noradrenaline-producing vs adrenaline-producing hereditary tumours. These differences were compared with those in a further group of 26 patients with non-syndromic phaeochromocytoma.

Results: Adrenaline-producing phaeochromocytomas in MEN 2 patients expressed more noradrenaline transporter mRNA and protein than noradrenaline-producing tumours in VHL patients. In contrast, there was greater expression of VMAT 1 in VHL than MEN 2 tumours, while expression of VMAT 2 did not differ significantly. These differences were associated with larger numbers of storage vesicles and higher tissue contents of catecholamines in MEN 2 than in VHL tumours. Differences in expression of the noradrenaline transporter were weaker, and those of VMAT 1 and VMAT 2 stronger, in noradrenaline and adrenaline-producing non-syndromic than in hereditary tumours.

Conclusions: The findings show that, in addition to differences in catecholamine biosynthesis, phaeochromocytomas in MEN 2 and VHL syndrome also differ in expression of the transporters responsible for uptake and vesicular storage of catecholamines.

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