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Vitamin D treatment of hypoparathyroid patients

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a major regulator of calcium and phosphate metabolism. The peptide, composed of 84 amino acids, is the main secreted and circulating form of bioactive PTH (1). Its secretion by the parathyroid cells is under the control of extracellular calcium concentrations, which are recognized by a membrane-associated polypeptide structure characterized by seven transmembrane domains (2). In response to increasing calcium concentrations, this structure transmits a signal inside the cells through a pertussis toxin-sensitive mechanism, which leads to a reduction of PTH secretion. The gene coding for this calcium sensor has been cloned and several mutations reported, which can account for a number of disturbances in the relationship between PTH secretion and calcium concentrations such as familial benign hypocalciuric hypercalcemia or some cases of familial hypoparathyroidism (3). PTH and its tumoral analog parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) (4) share and interact with a membrane-associated receptor, which is connected with

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