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Which route of growth hormone administration serves best? An invited commentary

In the 1960s pharmacotherapy with pituitary-derived human growth hormone (GH) preparations was introduced into clinics for the treatment of children with severely impaired longitudinal bone growth (1). Initially, the generally accepted route of GH administration was deep intramuscular injections. It was not until the advent of recombinant growth hormone preparations in the 1980s that subcutaneous injection of GH proved to be at least equally effective and was propagated widely (2). The less traumatic subcutaneous injection then facilitated investigation of effectiveness as a function of number of injections per week. With respect to the promotion of longitudinal bone growth in children and adolescents, daily subcutaneous injection was shown to be more effective than administration of the same weekly dose by injection thrice weekly. Extrapolation of these findings promoted further studies in animals and humans that unanimously demonstrated the superior effectivity of continuous GH infusion as compared to administration of the same

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				G. Amato, G. Mazziotti, C. Di Somma, E. Lalli, G. De Felice, M. Conte, M. Rotondi, M. Pietrosante, G. Lombardi, A. Bellastella, et al. Recombinant Growth Hormone (GH) Therapy in GH-Deficient Adults: A Long-Term Controlled Study on Daily Versus Thrice Weekly Injections J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., October 1, 2000; 85(10): 3720 - 3725. [Abstract] [Full Text]