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Since the discovery of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in the cardiac atrium (1, 2). ANP has been implicated in body fluid homeostasis and blood pressure control as a cardiac hormone.
Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), a second member of the natriuretic peptide family, was isolated originally from the mammalian brain and has a remarkable sequence homology to ANP (3–5). Following its discovery, it has been elucidated that BNP is synthesized and secreted primarily by the cardiac ventricle and is also a cardiac hormone like ANP (6, 7).
BNP vs ANP in physiological conditions: In normal human heart, ANP is mainly synthesized in and secreted from the cardiac atrium, whereas BNP is predominantly in the cardiac ventricle (7–9). In normal human adults, the plasma BNP concentration is 1–2 fmol/ml, which is about one-sixth of the plasma ANP concentration (7–9).
Plasma BNP and ANP concentrations in normal humans show interesting developmental changes. We
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