Eur J Endocrinol
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European Journal of Endocrinology, Vol 131, Issue 6, 557-574
Copyright © 1994 by European Society of Endocrinology
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Articles

G-proteins: implications for pathophysiology and disease

JO Gordeladze, PW Johansen, RH Paulssen, EJ Paulssen, and KM Gautvik

Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Oslo, Blindern, Norway.

This article focuses on the involvement of G-proteins in neuroendocrine secretion, cell growth and phenotype alterations. The current concept of hormonal activation of the GTPase cycle, as well as the molecular diversity of G-proteins families and receptor*G-protein*effector coupling, are described. Also described are certain G-proteins as possible proto-oncogenes and how point mutations and frame shift mutations alter G-protein function and determine the characteristics of various endocrine diseases. The article outlines in detail how receptors and G-proteins interact in prolactin and growth-hormone-secreting pituicytes, how G-proteins are involved in the growth and differentiation of preadipocytes and osteoblasts. All in all, it seems that hormonal activation through G-proteins is modulated through direct intra- and inter-signalling system cross-talk at the plasma membrane level (short-term) and through interactions on the level of transcription (HREs) from tyrosine kinases, steroid-like hormones and metabolic pathways. Pharmacological intervention to treat diseases where G-proteins are involved should take both long and short-term regulatory phenomena into consideration.


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