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Thyrotropin receptor and leukocyte adhesion molecules in autoimmune thyroid disease: a study of their gene expression by Northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization

Schuppert F, Reiser M, Heldin N-E, Ede S, Scheumann GFW, Dralle H, von zur Mühlen A. Thyrotropin receptor and leukocyte adhesion molecules in autoimmune thyroid disease: a study of their gene expression by Northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization. Eur J Endocrinol 1994;131:480–8. ISSN 0804–4643

In order to characterize the role of leukocyte-activating antigens and other immunological parameters in autoimmune thyroid disease, mRNA levels of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule 1 (ELAM-1, E-selectin), invariant chain (Ii) and the thymic hormone thymosin β₄ (Tβ₄) were investigated in 18 human thyroid glands, including eight Graves' thyroids, two Hashimoto's thyroids, two endemic goiters and six healthy controls. Northern blot analysis showed that in autoimmune thyroid disease, expression of ICAM-1 and Tβ₄ was correlated to transcript levels of Ii, whereas in the healthy controls, expression of Tβ₄, ICAM-1 and ELAM-1 was low or nearly absent. ELAM-1 and TSH receptor (TSH-R) expression, the latter serving as a thyroid specific marker, was increased in some diseased glands but showed no relation to the immunological parameters mentioned above. Localization of the specific mRNAs by in situ hybridization demonstrated a cell-specific expression of TSH-R (thyrocytes), ELAM-1 (vascular endothelial cells) and Tβ₄ (cells of hematopoietic origin). In contrast, transcripts of Ii and ICAM-1 were found in thyrocytes, leukocytes and endothelial cells. Our results implicate a coordinate expression of ICAM-1, Tβ₄ and Ii in autoimmune thyroid disease, yielding distinct cellular expression patterns. Differential expression of ICAM-1. Ii and the TSH-R in thyroid epithelial cells indicates active regulatory events within the thyrocyte.

Frank Schuppert, Department of Clinical Endocrinology, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Konstanty-Gutschow-Strasse 8, D-30625 Hannover, Germany

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